Definition
Definition
Blood is a viscous, opaque liquid that circulates in blood vessels (arteries, veins).
Symptoms
physiology
Blood is the only one fabric liquid of the organism. Inside this liquid, the figurative elements are suspended, bathing in the plasma.
If we carry out a Centrifugation blood, the formed elements will settle at the bottom of the test tube, while the plasma, which is less heavy, floats on the surface.
The elements deposited at the bottom of the test tube are:
- Red cells properly speaking (erythrocytes) whose function is to transport oxygen.
- white blood cells (leukocytes) which participate in the body's defense.
- platelets intervening in the coagulation.
The formed elements correspond to approximately 45% of the total blood volume. Plasma therefore corresponds to 55% of the total blood volume.
Blood has a salty, metallic taste and a scarlet red color when it is rich in oxygen (arterial blood), and dark red when devoid of oxygen (venous blood).
Its function is:
- Transport: it allows you to bring theoxygen and nutrients (nutrients that can be assimilated directly by the body, without having to pass through the digestive tract), from lungs and digestive system.
- Transport of waste to the lungs (carbon dioxide), and towards the waist (waste based onnitrogen).
- Transport of hormones.
- Protection (prevention ofhemorrhage and theinfection by the transport of antibody and white blood cells).
- Regulation by maintaining body temperature by absorbing heat, but also by distributing this heat throughout the body.
- Regulation of theacidity of all the tissues.
- Maintaining a certain amount of liquid in the vessels, allowing a blood pressure sufficient to irrigate all the organs.
Pathophysiology
The term hemopathy, from the Greek haima: blood and pathê: suffering, designates all blood diseases:
- anemia.
- leukemia.
- thrombocytosis.
- L'hyperplateletosis are examples of blood diseases, of which there are many.
The tendency is to designate a hemopathic disease, as a modification of the blood, either descriptive (this is the case for example of anemia), or hyperplastic (like the leukemia).
Medical exam
Technical
The term micro serology refers to the study of serum, that is to say the liquid part of the blood, and its properties, whether biological or chemical, from a blood sample obtained by performing a simple finger prick.